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278 Route 38. MOSCOW. Kremlin. and in 1382 it was laid in ashes by the Khan Tokhtamysh. During the succeeding period it was frequently sacked by Mongolian hordes, and did not attain any great degree of prosperity until the reign of Ivan III. Vasilyevitch (1462-1505), who made Moscow the centre of the now united kingdom, and beautified it by numerous buildings, erected by Italian architects. In 1520, during the reign of Vasili Ivanovitch (1505-33), the1 town is said to have contained 45,000 dwelling-houses. Under Ivan the Terrible (1533-84) the vigorous development of the city was interrupted by conflagrations (in 1547, etc.) and by hostile invasion, as in 1571, when it was captured by Devlet-Girei, Khan of the Crim-Tartars. In 1553 Ivan concluded a commercial treaty with Queen Elizabeth of England, after the landing of Sir Richard Chancellor on the shore of the White Sea (comp. p. 335). In 1591 the Tartars, under Kara Girei, attacked Moscow for the last time. In 1612 the Poles, who had supported the claim of the False Demetrius to the throne of the Tzars, were expelled, and on Feb. 21st (March 4th), 1613, Mikhail Feodorovitch Romanov (pp. xlix, 300), though under seventeen years of age, was chosen Tzar by the National Assembly. In 1711 the capital of the empire was, indeed, removed to the newly built St. Petersburg, but the immediate successors of Peter the Great continued to favour the Kremlin rather than the still undeveloped town on the Neva. In 1748 Moscow was raised to the dignity of an eparchy (see p. lviii), and in 1755 its university was founded. — The fate of Moscow in 1812 is universally known. On Sept. 2nd (14th) the Governor, Count Rostoptchin, with the great majority of the population, left the city, and Napoleon entered it on the same day. On the following day began the conflagration, which was not subdued until Sept. 6th (18th), when three-fourths of all the houses in the city lay in ashes. On Oct. 11th (23rd) the French were compelled by famine to evacuate the city, but the order given to blow up the Kremlin, which so far had escaped comparatively uninjured, was carried out only in part. Of the 100,000 men who had entered Moscow with the Emperor Napoleon, 28,000 had either succumbed to famine or had been taken prisoners by the Russians. In 1813 began the rebuilding of the town, which quickly retrieved its former prosperity, while it was regarded with even greater veneration than before, on account of the aureola thrown around it by its stupendous fate. Comp. ‘Moscow’, by' Henry M. Grove (1912), and ‘The Story of Moscow’, by Wirt Gerrare (1900). a. The Kremlin. In the centre of the city, on a hill rising 130 ft. above the Moskva and dominating the whole of Moscow, rises the **Kremlin, in which all the reminiscences of Moscow’s past are united. For the Russian the Kremlin is a holy spot. It is in the Kremlin that the power of the Tzars first receives the sanction of the church, when the bells of Ivan Yeliki announce to all Russia that the Tzar has ascended the throne of his ancestors. ‘There is nothing above Moscow’, says the proverb, ‘except the Kremlin, and nothing above the Kremlin except Heaven’. — The best general views of the Kremlin are obtained from the Moskvoryetzki Bridge (p. 315) and from the Sofi-skaya Naberezhnava; PL Do, I). The ancient and fortress-like Kremlin (Кремль, formerly also called Dyetinetz; PI. D 4, II) forms an irregular triangle, occupying an entire quarter of the city, and consists of a great conglomeration of ecclesiastical, palatial, and official buildings, enclosed by a battlemented brick wall 1,/4 M. in circumference and 65 ft. high, erected under Ivan III. and Historical ' k îïikolskiva V >Gate - Court '« Round- Rail of Justice Lobnoe Myesto ChofSPMc) Chudov Mouast. Nieholai*,' ^ Palace Building theSyn Uspenski JrCatU. K ^obornaya 'aaveliki Terem fuumciation LeWall Churches: 1 Redeemer iwtheWood- 2 StAleocis 3 SÏ Catharine At SPMichaet Maleiiv 5 Court Kitchen G GranovitaynFaZata 7 Grenadier Guards 8 Officers’Quarters 9 PotycslmtFvm-ete. 10 Stables 11 Tzar Bell P Police Superintendents Kata-To tDebes'Geoor. EstabljLeipsie
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ipqpiJfifl.qpHH >Üûfl2 w -а К s> •чЗ Rt ЬЗ ю «; JS ^ ^ H««^t4 0Sffi2 Volga Voyage. KAZAN. 45. Route. 353 the capital of a province since 1708. In 1774 the town was destroyed by the rebel Pugatchev, but it was rebuilt by Catherine II. The Kremlin (PL 1), 2), in the NAY. part of the city, was founded and surrounded with palisades by Khan Ulu - Makhmet ip. 352). The stone wall was erected by Ivau IY. Three of the old gate-towers still exist: the Spasskiya (Спассгая ворота: PI. 20, D 2), through which the Kremlin is entered from the Voskresenskaya; the Tdinitzkaya, which leads to the Kazanka and to the suburb of Kizitcha; and the Pydtnitzkaya, on the N.E. side. Passing through the Spasskiya Gate, or Gate of the Redeemer, we have on our right the extensive Government Administration Buildings (Присутственный мЬста). To the left stands the Spaso-Preobrazhensld Convent (PI. 19), founded in 1556. Its church contains the tombs of several metropolitans and bishops. Farther to the N. is the Cathedral of the Annunciation (PI. 1), built in 1562 and frequently renewed. In the interior, between the twro columns on the left, in front of the ikonostas, is a shrine w-ith the relics of Archbp. Guri-(d. 1563). The treasury contains rich vestments and ecclesiastical vessels. —Beyond the cathedral is the Palace, dating from 1848 and now occupied by the Governor. To the left is the most interesting building in the Kremlin, the brick — *Syuyumbeka Tower (Башня Сююмбёки: PI. 21), a relic of Tartar architecture, rising in seven stages to a height of 250 ft. A guide may be obtained at the office of the Governor (in the left wung of the palace). The view from the top is very tine, but the asc.eut becomes pretty arduous beyond the fourth story. According to legend, the Tartar princess Syuyumbeka-threw herself from the top of the tower in 1552, in her despair at the ruin of her native town. The principal street of Kazan is the Voskkksenskaya, beginning at the Spasskiya Gate of the Kremlin (see above). The adjoining bronze Statue of Alexander II. (PI. 11) is by Sherwood (1895). At the beginning of the street, to the right, is the Trading-Factory (Гостйный дворъ; PI. D, 2); in it is the Civic Museum, 'containing antiquities from Bulgari (p. 355), objects of the Stone Age, Tartar curiosities, paintings, coins, and natural history collections. It is open daily, except Mon., 10-5 (adm. 10 or 15 cop., Sun. and holidays 5 cop.; Russian catalogue 5-15 cop.). To the N. is the Convent of the Virgin Mother of Kazan (Казансгай Богородицкий жёнеюй монастырь; PI. D, 2), dating from 1579. On the spot where the winter-church of the nunnery now- stands, tradition relates that a wonder-working picture of the Virgin was found buried in the earth; this is regarded with great veneration, and has been removed to St. Petersburg (comp. p. 104). The Cathedral, built in 1798-1803, is surmounted by a cupola. A little to the S.E. of the Factory, in a commanding situation, is the two-storied Cathedral of SS. Peter & Paul (P1.D, 2), built
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378 Route 54. KIEV. History. British Vice-Consul, J. F. Douglas, Pushkinskaya 21 (PI. 0, 4, 5).! General Post Office (PL D, 4), Kreshtchatik 24.— Telegraph Office (PL C, 3), Bolshaya Vladimirskaya 23. —Police Station (PL C, D, 3), Bolshaya Zhitomirskaya 1. Directory (with list of addresses), Bolshaya Zhitomirskaya 3, accessible on week-days 10-3 & 6-9, Sun. & holidays 12-2. Baths. Centrdlnuiya, Malo-Zhitômirskaya 3 (PL D, 3) ; Michelsohn, Karavayevskaya 6 (PL Â-0, 5). — River Baths (PL E, 3) on the Naberezh-noye Chaussée, with separate compartments (HOMepa; 15 cop.). Steamboats (April-October). On the Dnieper to (320 V.) Kremen-tchug (p. 391) and (476 V.) Yekaterinoslav (p. 401); to (629 V.) Mohilev (p.257).— On the Pripet to (628 V.) Pinsk (p.249).— On the Sozh to (320 V.) Hornet (p. 39). — On the Desna to (204 V.) Tchernigov (p. 376). Dried Eruits (Варенье), a specialty of Kiev, at A. Balabukha’s, Nikolayevskaya 3 (Pl. D, 4). Principal Attractions (1 day). Kreshtchatik (p. 379), Vladimir Monument (p. 383), Lavra (p. 380), Nikolayevski Spusk (p. 382), St. Michael’s Convent (p. 383), St. Andrew’s Church (p. 383), Cathedral of St. Sophia (p. 384), Vladimir Cathedral (p. 385). — It is advisable to take a cab (p. 377) from the Vladimir Monument to the Lavra, and via the NikoM-yevski Spusk to St. Michael’s Convent. The churches of the Lavra are open from early morning till 8 p.m. (in winter 6 p.m.), the catacombs till 5 p.m. (in winter 4 p.m.). Kiev, KieBTb, pron. Keeyev (590 ft. above the level of the sea, 295 ft. above the Dnieper), the fortified capital of a government of the same name in Little Russia, is the residence of the Governor-General, the headquarters of the 9th and 21st Army Corps, and the see of a Greek Catholic Metropolitan. It also contains the Vladimir University and a Polytechnic Institution, and carries on an important trade in sugar. Pop. 590,000, including Russians, Poles, and Jews. The city is picturesquely situated on a series of wooded heights, rising abruptly from the right bank of the dirty yellow Dnieper, which is here 400-580 yds. in width. At the season of the breaking up of the ice in the second half of April, the river overflows its banks far and wide. Kiev, known as ‘the Jerusalem of Russia’, is a great resort of pilgrims, and is characterized by the number of its churches, which, however, are inferior in architecture to those of Moscow. The city is divided into three parts. On the S.E. is Petchersk or Cave Town (TleuepcK'n), including the Lavra; to the N.E. is Podol, or trading quarter, which lies in the plain close to the river and is adjoined by suburbs; to the N.W. is the high-lying Staro Kiev or Old Town (Cxapo-Riem,). On the heights to the W. of Petchersk stretches the attractive quarter of Lipki or Linden Town, the residence of the aristocracy and richer merchants. According to legend, Kiev, ‘the mother of all the towns of Russia’, was founded by the three’brothers Ki, Shtchek, and Khoriv, belonging to the stock of the Polyani, after whose death Askold and Duir, two Varangian followers of Rurik (p. 262), made themselves masters of the Kreshtchatik. KIEV. 64. Route. 379 principality in 864. 016g, Rurik’s successor, captured Kiev in 882 and made it his capital. Christianity, which was fostered hy St. Olga and other members of the princely house, soon gained a foothold here. After the capture of Korsun (p. 410), St. Vladimir (p. xlviii) adopted Christianity and married Anna, sister of the Greek Emperors Basil and Constantine, and on his return to his own country in 988 he caused his people to be baptized. Under him and his immediate successors, especially under Yaroslav I., Kiev attained great importance. Its decline began on the death of Yaroslav I. in 1054. Vladimir II. (1113-25) married Gytha, daughter of King Harold of England (p. xlviii). The town became a bone of contention for the princes among whom the territory had been divided, and was destroyed by Andrei Bogolyiibski in 1169, by Svyetoslav Vsevolodo-vitch in 1171, and by Rurik Rostislavitch in 1204. It was also stormed by the Tartars under Baty-Khan in 1240 and completely sacked. In 1299 the Metropolitan of Kiev, then the foremost ecclesiastical dignitary of the Russian church, removed his seat to Vladimir-on-the-Klyazma. [Political reasons afterwards occasioned the transfer of this dignity to the Patriarch of Moscow; see p.295.] Gedimin, the Grand-Prince of Lithuania, expelled the Tartars in 1320. His successors encouraged Roman Catholicism to such an extent that in 1455 it was possible for King Casimir IV. of Poland to forbid the erection of new Russian churches. In 1483 Mengli-Girei, the Khan of the Crimea, devastated the town. In 1516 it received, from Sigismund I., the privileges of the ‘Magdeburg Code’. The Act of Union was accepted by the Metropolitan Michael Rogoza in 1596, but in 1621 Peter Mogila re-established the strict orthodox faith. In 1686 Kiev was ceded to Russia by Poland. The traffic of the city centres in the Kreshtchatik (Креща-гикъ; PI. I), 4), a thoroughfare about 3/4 M. long and 108 ft. wide, stretching along the ravine between Lipki and Old Kiev. It contains numerous public buildings, such as the City Ilall (Дума; 1877), the Exchange (Бйржа; 1883), and the Post Office (Почтовая контора), and also the chief hotels, banks, and the like. In front of the City Hall rises a statue, by Ximenes (1913), of P. A. Stolypin, who was assassinated at Kiev in 1911. The Annenkovskaya, or Luteranskaya, diverging to the E. from the Kreshtchatik, contains the Lutheran Church (PI. D, 4), built in 1857. On the S. the Kreshtchatik ends at the Bogddn Khmyelnitzki Square (PI. I), 5), also called Bessarabka, which contains the large market hall. [For the Bibikovski Boulevard, see p. 385.] In the Bolshaya Vasilkovskaya (PI. C, 5, 6), which runs to the S. from the Bogdan Khmyelnitzki Square, are the People's Palace, built in 1902, and the Roman Catholic Church of St. Nicholas, with its two towers, finished from the plans of Gorodetzki in 1909. On the N. the Kreshtchatik ends at the Tzarskaya Square (Царская площадь; PI. D, 3; tramway, see p. 377), in which there is a Bronze Statue of the Emperor Alexander II., by Ximenes (1911); the groups on the plinth represent the abolition of serfdom. Near by is the new Public Library, built by Krivosheyev (open on week-days 10-8, Sun. & holidays 12-4; closed in July); a little to the N.W. is the Koman Catholic Church of St. Alexander (PI. D, 3), built in 1817-49, with a portico of four columns. From the Tzhrskaya Square we may ascend to the left to the Vladimir Monument (p. 383). We follow the Alexandrovskaya
Lorvai n .Lim an, Baklimack Eaklamach, 1 CadieruielheGrMunumeni/i) 4 Churches: 2 AIL Saints C 8 3 Armenian D6,7 4 Lufherarv B C 5 5 Fökrov.............. D 6 G Treobraxh < Cathedrals C 5 7 Reformed C 5 8 liom.C-alfh. D 5,6 9 SpJndreir D 7 10 SPffleholas......I) 8,9 11 SPPantaZeon D 7 12 SSPeterd Paid B G 13 Sryetenstcaya/ C 4 14 Troilza D 6 15 Circus C 4 l&Xhunn DE 5 17 English Hut)..... 1)5 18 Grech- Razaur D5 19 Exchange DG 20 llighSch/.lRichelieu) C4 21 - s (2niiGirls) . BS 22 Municipal Library C4 23 Museums of Antiquities D5 24 RichelieuMonuments. . D4 25 Seminary..............D8 Synagogues: 26 Chief DG 27 Xiiraiie........d 6 28 Jim'............D6 29 Theatre D5 30 Vrwrersity C4 31 VototUzo'v Monument/ C 5 fuJit/or' iolshi iryalni] TTsatiw) v l: 350,000 fcdürfe' !Büv > for,Wett “ !fün « «,ya SubDl’l) Goods 0DISSA 1:35,000 Station BedCro’ss" HoK1b°o „°o Arcadia A Little Eountain lY-tMile Warner ADeEes'Geogr.Kstabl., Leipzig.
NOVGOROD. 36. Route. 263 protection, ended her life as a prisoner at Nizhni-Novgorod. Six years later new dissensions arose, and in Jan., 1478, the town was captured and its citizens paid homage to Ivan. Ivan the Terrible destroyed the last relics of the former prosperity of Novgorod in 1570, when he is said to have butchered 60,000 of its citizens. The foundation of St. Petersburg and numerous conflagrations completed the ruin of the once flourishing free city. From the Railway Station (beyond PI. D, 4), which lies to the W. of the town, the Legoshtchaya leads through the Sophia Side to (J/4 hr.) the — Kremlin (PI. E, 3), the brick walls of which, with their nine round and square towers, date from 1303 and 1490 (with restorations in 1698 and 1862). The popular assemblies referred to above were held in the great square of the Kremlin. In the middle of this square stands a Millennial Monument (ITaMiiTHiiirt TmcHue.iiiTiio Pocem; PI. 2), erected in 1862, from the design of Mikeshin, to commemorate the thousandth anniversary of the political existence of Russia. On a circular pediment, with relief-portraits of several eminent Russians, rests a large imperial orb, bearing a kneeling figure of Russia and the Guardian Angel of the Empire, leaning against the cross. The globe is encircled with bronze statues representing various periods of Russian history; the six chief figures counting from the S. are Rurik, Demetrius Donskoi (i.e. of the Don), Ivan III., Peter the Great, Mikhail Feodorovitch, and St. Vladimir. The legendary account of the foundation of the Russian empire is thus related by the oldest chronicler, as quoted in the ‘Russia’ of Sir D. M. Wallace (new edit., 1912; p. 171). “At that time, as the southern Slavonians paid tribute to the Kozars, so the Novgorodian Slavonians suffered from the attacks of the Variags. Ror some time the Variags exacted tribute from the Novgorodian Slavonians and the neigh- Key to the Numbers on 1. Club of the Noblesse.. . E 4 2. Millennial Monument . . E 8 3. Monument of Liberation (from the French dominion, 1812)........D, E, 4 4. Prison..................B 4 5. District Court .... E 3 7. Gfostini Dvor and Duma . E 2 8. Governor’s House . . . E 2 9. Government High School E 2 9a. Girls' High School . . E 2 10. 1st Military Hospital . . D 3 11. 2nd Military Hospital . . C 3 12. District Hospital ... C 3 13. Barracks of the Sappers . B 3 14. Barracks of the 22nd Artillery Brigade...............0 3 16. House of Catherine the Great...................F 3- Churches. 17. SS. Boris and Glyeb . C 1 18. St. Michael the Archangel E 4 Baedeker’s Russia. the Plan of Novgorod. 19. Nativity of the Virgin. D 1 20. St. George.........E 2 21. St. Joan Predteteha . . E 2 22. St. Lazarus........B 3 22a. Lutheran............D 1 23. Cathedral of St. Nicholas F 2 24. SS. Peter and Paul . . D 1 25. St. Procopius .... F 2 26. Cathedral of St. Sophia E 3 27. Znamenski Cathedral . F 1 28. Troitzkaya.........F 3 Convents. 29. St. Anthony . . . . A 1 30. Desyatinni.........E 4 31. Holy Ghost.........B 3 32. Consistory............E 3 33. Riding School.........A3 34. Police Station .... D 1 35. Post & Telegraph Office . F 1 37. Archbishop’s Palace . . D 3 40. Yaroslav Tower . ... F'2 41. White Tower...........G 4 17
Suburb В A S nip i s ’---г-’' ^f-° L0°Yaj.->b JS°---.....tBg_________i?° Metres У2 Verst Moimments : 1 Catharine the Great В 2,3 “¿ЛГигаяуег- В 3 3 PiisJUtùb . . С 2 Suburb ¿ л^ЦьоГЩе Courts ^ g ^ ' № \| *л Ф ■ ' Palace" t *%***• 4 V. S ^ : \ %■ 3 Museum -//¿ç t ÎsUUuicsChL XJ\ N ^ иитпмЦ £ > л** Ifä^* . tb- n,,í i PostOltiee ^ 1 : Spdssk. . £ Statt‘xCh.0f fce Ц ^Nicholas ^ PoliceStOn l,u (J sieí^ V? ¡ZúizÉüjí 4 Luí^i,;^<i ii.Cafluof S|Nielu>las •• * e * ^.^XllSáints’^i Qua ,«яг . V \jjWSJ<masteß. Г. -‘vtheXrmitjr Snipisliki ; U way lUou ‘ Novi Svyet vp.arajiovichi ¥a guer &3) eb e s ’ G e o ¿r .E stabl., L eip zié, ......Tramway YILNA. 8. Route. 37 192,700 Jewish, Lithuanian, and Polish inhabitants. It contains the headquarters of the 3rd Army Corps and is the seat of a Greek Catholic archbishop and of a Roman Catholic bishop. The streets in the older parts are narrow and badly paved, but contain many quaint old churches. The history of Vilna stretches back to the earliest times, when it was a great centre of Pagan worship. A sacred tire was kept constantly burning at the foot of the hill upon which Gedymin, Grand-Prince of Lithuania, built his castle. In 1323 Yilna was raised to the dignity of a town and was made the capital of Lithuania. The Grand-Prince Wladislaus Jagiello, who became King of Poland in 1386, introduced Christianity in 1387 and erected a cathedral (St. Stanislaus) on the site of the heathen temple. Yilna is afterwards often mentioned in the history of the struggles of the Poles with the Teutonic Order, the Tartars, and the Russian Grand-Prince. During the 17-18th cent. Vilna was frequently pillaged by the Swedes, Russians, and Cossacks, and lost much of its former impdftance. In 1791 it offered a gallant resistance to the Russian army, but was captured on Aug. 12th after a severe bombardment. At the opening of the war of 1812 Napoleon fixed upon the line of the Niemen as his base of operations and made Vilna (at the point of intersection of the roads from Königsberg and Warsaw to St. Petersburg and Moscow) the strategic centre of the French lines. On his retreat from Russia he again visited Yilna, which he finally left in disguise on the night of Nov. 24th (Dec. 6th), 1812. From the railway station (PL A, B, 6), which lies at the S. end of the city, we follow the Vokzâlnaya to the right (E.) and turn to the left into (6 min.) the Ostrovorôtnaya (PI. B, 5, 6). Here stands the Ostruiya Vorota (Polish, Ostra Brama), a town-gate of the 16th century. Above this gate, on the N. side (entrance), is the Ostra Brama Chapel (PL В, C, 5), containing a large wonder-working image of the Virgin, which is highly revered by Greek and Latin Catholics alike. The street is always filled with kneeling worshippers; but the image is not visible except during divine service, when the chapel windows are opened. Beyond the gate, to the right, is the R. C. Church of St. Theresa, with a marble façade, founded in 1626. Farther on, also to the right, is the Greek Catholic Monastery of the Holy Ghost (Свято-Духовскш монастырь), founded in 1597, opposite which is the Monastery of the Trinity (Свято-Трбицкш монастырь), dating from the end of the 15th cent, and belonging to the same confession. — The Ostrovorôtnaya ends at the Theatre Square (PL B, 4), with the Theatre, originally the town hall, rebuilt by Gutze-vitch in 1783, and converted to its present uses in 1845. Opposite rises the imposing Cathedral of St. Nicholas, erected in 1596-1604 and in the hands of the Greek Catholics since 1832. — At the S.W. corner of the Theatre Square begins the Nyemétzkaya or ‘German Street’, now exclusively occupied by Jews hut containing the Lutheran Church (PL A, 4), built in 1555. The main thoroughfare of the city, named the Bolshaya, runs to the N. from the Theatre Square. To the right stands the Church of St. Nicholas (PL В, C, 4), founded at the beginning of the 16th
LEIPZIG: KARL BAEDEKER, PUBLISHER LONDON: T. FISHER UNWIN, 1 ADELPHI TERRACE, W.C. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS, 597 FIFTH AYE. 1914 All rights reserved
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| \л й/деевъ
ШШ 220 .ча г а. ъсетанж
Рагпредль.теше народовъ Европы по](http://img0.reactor.cc/pics/thumbnail/post-5065910.jpg "Таб.13
:ч4т
Распредвыгете народовъ земного шара но релнтнямъ:
I МОлшлл. тсралоссъсипсы2с& 4€0лоллл. буддиапооъ
263 каталшювь I' - ¿^■1 210 » брамамдвб
I » ] 120 * \" Щ)О7ПОГ7ШГЮП04€ 1 ■ I /07 * шьтшко&в
ВВ • ГфОСьиутсЛЪ,
| \л й/деевъ
ШШ 220 .ча г а. ъсетанж
Рагпредль.теше народовъ Европы по")
Кто на восток, кто на запад.
Рекомендую этот магазинчик, милые хозяева, душевная атмосфера, легко идут навстречу по цене.
Часом Тбилиси нет? Он может еще называться Тифлис.
Скину тебе две карты.
Кстати, может кому интересно будет, по старым картам есть охуенный ресурс, http://www.etomesto.ru, там можно посмотреть все выложенные старые карты своей местности, советую, залипательно.
Радует, что мое увлечение, кроме меня, еще кому-то интересно.
Это который на Каспии?,
Вот тебе список карт.
Некоторые, к сожалению, отсутствуют.
Про Про Бугульму крохотная заметка внизу слева.
Здесь же Самара и Ульяновск.